LangGraph

Graph-based runtime for durable, stateful LLM agents with checkpoints and human approval steps.

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About

Agent loops that must survive crashes, pause for a person, or branch on intermediate results are what LangGraph is built for. You describe the application as a StateGraph: nodes are Python functions or model calls, edges, including conditional ones, decide what runs next, and a shared state object flows between them, a model the authors credit to Google's Pregel and Apache Beam. A checkpointer saves state after every step, so a run can resume where it stopped, be paused and edited mid-flight through interrupts, and keep per-thread working memory plus a long-term store across sessions. The repository contains the core library, prebuilt agent helpers, SQLite and Postgres checkpoint backends, Python and JavaScript client SDKs, and a CLI, while LangGraph.js covers TypeScript. It needs Python 3.10 or later and depends on langchain-core but not the full LangChain package. The library is MIT licensed and free for commercial use; hosted deployment through LangSmith is an optional paid product. Choose it when you need explicit control over agent flow, durability and approval steps rather than a high-level agent wrapper.

Should you use LangGraph?

Pick it when

Use LangGraph when your retrieval app has turned into an agent that loops, retries searches, branches on results, or pauses for human approval, and you need explicit state, checkpoints, and persistence rather than a linear chain.

Look elsewhere when

Skip it for straightforward retrieve-then-answer flows, where the graph abstraction is overhead; LlamaIndex query engines or Haystack pipelines get there faster. For role-based multi-agent setups, CrewAI is higher level.

Alternatives to LangGraph

  • LlamaIndex

    Higher-level retrieval and indexing primitives that get a RAG app working with less code, with less explicit control over loops and state.

  • Haystack

    Explicit pipelines for retrieval, routing, and generation with a search heritage, simpler than a graph for mostly linear RAG flows.

  • CrewAI

    Role-based agent crews with sequential or hierarchical processes, a higher-level start for multi-agent work, but less fine-grained control of state and cycles.

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